100-days-of-rust/Week-02/Day-12_Mountains_And_Valleys/README.md

Mountains or Valleys

A mountain is an array with exactly one peak.

• All numbers to the left of the peak are increasing.
• All numbers to the right of the peak are decreasing.
• The peak CANNOT be on the boundary.

A valley is an array with exactly one trough.

• All numbers to the left of the trough are decreasing.
• All numbers to the right of the trough are increasing.
• The trough CANNOT be on the boundary.

Some examples of mountains and valleys:

Mountain A:  [1, 3, 5, 4, 3, 2]   // 5 is the peak
Mountain B:  [-1, 0, -1]   // 0 is the peak
Mountain B:  [-1, -1, 0, -1, -1]   // 0 is the peak (plateau on both sides is okay)

Valley A: [10, 9, 8, 7, 2, 3, 4, 5]   // 2 is the trough
Valley B: [350, 100, 200, 400, 700]  // 100 is the trough

Neither mountains nor valleys:

Landscape A: [1, 2, 3, 2, 4, 1]  // 2 peaks (3, 4), not 1
Landscape B: [5, 4, 3, 2, 1]  // Peak cannot be a boundary element
Landscape B: [0, -1, -1, 0, -1, -1]  // 2 peaks (0)

Based on the rules above, write a function that takes in an array and returns either "mountain", "valley", or "neither".

Examples

LandscapeType([3, 4, 5, 4, 3]) ➞ "mountain"

LandscapeType([9, 7, 3, 1, 2, 4]) ➞ "valley"

LandscapeType([9, 8, 9]) ➞ "valley"

LandscapeType([9, 8, 9, 8]) ➞ "neither"

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Notes

• A peak is not exactly the same as the max of an array. The max is a unique number, but an array may have multiple peaks. However, if there exists only one peak in an array, then it is true that the peak = max.
• See comments for a hint.